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A recent article on "New materials has become a prominent shortcoming that restricts the transformation and upgrading of China's manufacturing industry" has been raised in the forum and has attracted considerable attention. This article is worth pondering. China has very few high-tech, especially The same is true of mold steel. For example, our country has been imitating foreign advanced mold steel manufacturers. What brands do we produce, we imitate them with chemical composition, which can only learn the production process and process after all And, there is very little domestically done in the research and development of mold steel, so after all, it will still be beaten.
"China is currently in a critical period of industrial transformation and upgrading. Many equipment and applications are inseparable from the support of materials. New materials have become a prominent shortcoming that restricts the transformation and upgrading of China's manufacturing industry." On September 6, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Vice Minister Wang Jiangping pointed out at the Fifth China International New Materials Industry Expo (hereinafter referred to as the New Expo) co-sponsored by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Heilongjiang Provincial Government, "Industry must put the new materials industry in a more prominent position , Continue to deepen its strategic and urgent understanding, pay close attention to work and make rapid breakthroughs."
It is reported that the new expo was held in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, with the aim of promoting the production and application of new materials and the rapid development of the new material industry. Vice Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Wang Jiangping, Director of the National Advisory Committee for New Material Industry Development Experts, Gan Yong, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and Alexander Booker, Director of the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymers, Germany, etc. Speaking at the Industry Development Summit Forum, Nie Yunling, Vice Governor of Heilongjiang Province, presided over the forum.
New material industry is the foundation of a strong manufacturing country
Wang Jiangping emphasized that to accelerate the implementation of the strategy of manufacturing power, we must consolidate the important foundation of the new materials industry.
Wang Jiangping pointed out that no advanced design and conception can be achieved without high-quality materials with high performance. For example, high-temperature alloys and functional coating materials are the key support for aero-engines, electronic chemicals are indispensable materials for the manufacture of integrated circuits, carbon fiber composite materials, high-strength light alloys, etc. are the basis of high-end equipment such as large aircraft. New battery materials are determined With the endurance and fast filling effect of new energy vehicles, high-performance materials support the quality and safety of high-speed railways, and so on.
Wang Jiangping pointed out that the new material is a long process from research discovery to mature application, with a period of as few as a few years and as many as a dozen years. Developed countries often implement a material-first strategy of "developing a batch, storing a batch, and applying a batch." However, in my country, the development of materials has been lagging behind equipment manufacturing, which has affected the improvement of major processes. Major equipment and major projects often have their material plans finalized. As many new materials have not yet been broken through in China, the phenomenon of "equal-meter cooking" in major equipment and major projects is very prominent.
"Key materials do not break through, advanced manufacturing is a castle in the sky." Wang Jiangping emphasized.
The development of new materials industry is still in the stage of climbing uphill
Wang Jiangping pointed out that the National Advisory Committee on New Materials Experts recently sorted out more than 70 key short board new materials. The results show that there are many short boards and gaps in the development of new materials in my country. For example, mobile phone chip materials can only produce about 10%. "Currently, the development of China's new material industry is still at the stage of climbing uphill. Compared with the requirements of building a strong manufacturing country, the problem of "stuck neck" of key materials still exists widely, which does not match the status of the world's largest raw material industry. , Can not well support China's complete work system." he emphasized.
Wang Jiangping pointed out that although the development of the new material industry has achieved certain results, it needs to pay attention to the following four aspects.
First, basic research is insufficient, and the development of new materials industry lacks the support of leading technology. Wang Jiangping pointed out that the development of new materials in my country started late, and most enterprises have been involved for a long time, insufficient capital accumulation, insufficient R&D investment, insufficient technical reserves, and insufficient common technology supply. The data shows that the proportion of basic research expenses in China's enterprises accounts for only 0.1% of research and development expenses, while foreign countries generally reach 7%-8%. This objectively leads to low original innovation in China, and the basic research has not played a leading role in the development of new materials industry, especially The combination and penetration of basic mathematics, modern physical chemistry and materials science are not enough. In addition, the lag in the development of special equipment also has a great impact on the industrialization of new materials.
The second is that “large, medium and small” enterprises have insufficient financing and have not formed a good collaborative innovation ecosystem. Wang Jiangping pointed out that new materials often have multiple functions, different uses have different requirements for the quality of materials, and high-, medium- and low-grade products will be formed during the production process. If only high-end materials are developed, middle and low-end materials need to be processed repeatedly, which will lead to increased costs. Therefore, it is difficult to develop a new material industry by relying on a single enterprise, and various types of enterprises need long-term cooperation to exert their respective advantages. For example, give full play to the advantages of backbone enterprises in the raw material industry, take advantage of the relatively concentrated resources of talents, capital, technology and other resources of the backbone enterprises to be the vanguard of technological innovation in the field of new materials; rely on the characteristics of fine processing and production of small and medium-sized enterprises to cultivate new material subdivisions The "invisible champion" and "little giant" in the field enable small and medium-sized enterprises to play a role in the field of subdivision and small variety of varieties.
Third, the combination of production and use is not enough, and there is a lack of application traction. Wang Jiangping pointed out that from the perspective of the development status of the domestic new materials industry, there are still difficulties in the promotion and application of new materials. For example, in terms of applied research, China's rare earth output accounts for 90% of the world's total, but it is only used in a few mainstream areas, and there is very little applied research in other fields. In terms of application verification, domestic T800 grade carbon fiber, from the perspective of fiber performance and international The advanced level is equivalent, but the performance of the composite material cannot meet the requirements, mainly because the application verification is not detailed enough.
Fourth, the linkage of factors is not enough, and the effectiveness of policies needs to be improved urgently. Wang Jiangping pointed out that the new material industry has many development links, long cycles, high technical complexity, high uncertainty, and strong dependence on policies. In general, the supply of science and technology, finance and other factors obtained by my country's new materials industry is fragmented, which is extremely incompatible with the industry's heavy responsibility. Financial policies cannot be effectively transmitted to technology companies, which restricts the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, including new materials. Now many investment funds, called equity, are actually debts, enjoy the benefits of equity, and bear the low risk of debts. They pay more attention to the exit and repurchase mechanism, and the concept of taking risks to support innovation is not enough, and there is a big gap from real venture capital and angel investment. The industrialization of scientific and technological achievements of new materials urgently needs the support of real risks and angel investment funds. "We hope to continue to increase the support of industrial finance, open up the technology chain, financial chain, and industrial chain, so that the three are truly linked. This is the top priority of the development of the new materials industry." He emphasized.
New material work must catch up as soon as possible
Wang Jiangping pointed out that my country is a big manufacturing country, and the current industrial situation determines that the new materials work must catch up as soon as possible.
Wang Jiangping emphasized that to cultivate and develop the new materials industry, we must adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping’s new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, take key short-board new materials as a breakthrough, focus on the weak links of the industrial innovation system, and focus on building an enterprise-based, Colleges and scientific research institutions provide a strong support for the development of economic, social and national defense construction in support of the new material industry system promoted by industry, university, research and development, and focus on the following four aspects.
One is to strengthen overall coordination and coordinate the tasks of research and development, industrialization, promotion and application, and cultivation and growth of industries.
The second is to strengthen the combination of production and use, place applications and industrialization in a more important position, and focus on improving the key core technology innovation capabilities.
The third is to promote the construction of the platform, accelerate the construction of new materials testing and evaluation platform, production application demonstration platform, resource sharing platform, and create a new materials national manufacturing innovation center.
The fourth is to improve the industrial system, improve the new material standard system and statistical system, increase the protection of intellectual property rights, and strive to create a good environment for industrial development.
Qian Yong pointed out that my country has entered the middle and late stages of industrialization. Faced with the demand for high-quality development, the problem of insufficient support for the material foundation has become increasingly apparent. The rapid development of emerging industries represented by the new generation of information technology, new energy, intelligent manufacturing, etc., has put forward higher requirements for materials. At present, about 130% of the 130 key materials required by my country's national economy are completely blank in China. Qian Yong emphasized that core technology is the most important thing in the country. Without core technology, it is to build a house on the foundation of others, no matter how big it is.
