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1. Heat treatment in controlled atmosphere
Controlled atmosphere heat treatment is mainly to prevent oxidation and decarburization, and to achieve precise control of carburization and nitriding. It was applied to industrial production in the late 1980s, and the speed of development and the wide range of applications are astonishing.
2. Vacuum heat treatment
Salt bath quenching is restricted by the environment, and it is already in the setting sun. The application and development of vacuum heat treatment technology has been further improved and promoted. It has the characteristics of no oxidation, no decarburization, clean and bright workpiece surface after quenching, high wear resistance, no pollution, and high degree of automation. Vacuum annealing, vacuum degassing, vacuum oil quenching, vacuum water quenching, vacuum gas quenching, vacuum tempering and vacuum carburizing are widely used in industrial production. In recent years, with the advent of high-pressure gas quenching vacuum furnaces, the vacuum quenching of high-speed steel tools has become a reality.
3. Induction heat treatment and ion nitridation heat treatment technology
Induction heat treatment is widely used in the automotive industry, engineering machinery, petrochemical industry and other industries with advantages of high efficiency, energy saving, cleanliness, flexibility, etc.Induction heat treatment can be used for nearly 40% of automotive parts, such as crankshafts, gears, universal joints, half shafts Wait. Using induction heating, many product processing can be built into fully automatic or semi-automatic production lines, improve the stability of product quality, reduce labor intensity, and beautify the working environment. The fastest development in China is induction heating power supply, the old-style electronic shock tube has completed its historical mission, replaced by all transistors. The microcomputer control transistor is used to adjust the power supply, which is stable and convenient to adjust, has high precision, and greatly reduces the interference to the power grid harmonics.
4. Quenching medium and cooling technology
The ideal quenching medium should have the following characteristics:
(1) Quality type: fast cooling at high temperature stage and slow cooling at low temperature stage. That is to eliminate cracks and reduce quenching deformation.
(2)Environmental protection type: no toxic, harmful smoke or gas volatilization, not easy to burn, the workpiece is easy to clean after quenching, no corrosion to the equipment, and does not stimulate burn skin.
(3) Stable type: Workpieces have uniform and stable performance after quenching, and the medium itself has stable performance for a certain period of time.
(4) Economic type: high quality and high price, low energy consumption.
In recent years, the development of quenching media has been very rapid. The performance of quenching oil has been improved, and the research and application of organic polymer quenching media have reached unprecedented development.
5. Adopt new surface strengthening technology and promote the heat treatment of nitrogen-based atmosphere
The original tool surface treatment method is limited to obsolete methods such as steam treatment and oxynitriding, which generally can only increase the tool life by 30% to 50%. Since the 1980s, my country has independently developed and imported QPQ salt bath composite treatment technology and PVD titanium oxide physical coating technology from abroad. The former can steadily increase the tool life by 2 to 3 times, the equipment is simple and the cost is low, and it is particularly suitable for drying ordinary tools; the latter can increase the tool life by 3 to 5 times, and is suitable for drying various precision and expensive gear tools.
Nitrogen-based atmosphere is used for protection heat treatment and chemical heat treatment, which can realize non-oxidative decarburization heat treatment, and can avoid nitrogen embrittlement of heat treatment. The chemical heat treatment of nitrogen-based atmosphere can reduce defects such as internal oxidation and improve the quality of chemical heat treatment.
